OKOKAN TRADITION: UNDERSTANDING NOBLE VALUE IN THE FRAME OF SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONALISM

Purpose: This study aims to explore the meaning of the noble value of the Okokan Art tradition in the Village of Kediri, Tabanan, Bali Province by using the symbolic interactionism point of view. 
Research methods: The case studies are used as a method in discussing symbolic interactions that occur in the Okokan tradition performers. 
Results and discussions: Based on the results of scientific studies in the field, it was found that the Okokan tradition is a form of representation of noble values in each symbolic such as the representation of seeking safety to Sang Hyang Widhi through the offerings of the performer, the noble value of the work ethic in the manifestation of dance movements, the attributes imposed reflecting the noble values of human nature to always harmonious, and the representation of folklore displayed is the harmony of humans and nature. 
Conclusion: Symbolic interaction in the Okokan tradition is a representation of the noble values that exist in Kediri Village, Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia.


INTRODUCTION
The terminology of society is a group of people who interact with each other. The life of a group of people is jointly carrying out collaborative actions with ties of social dependency between one another. The ties possessed by the community are a unique pattern of behavior about all factors of life called customs. Apart from the bond of customs and traditions which constitute the life sector of a society is a sense of identity among its citizens or members. In the context of anthropology, society is the unity of human life that interacts according to a particular system of customs which is continuous, and which is bound by a sense of identity. Community life is inseparable from the history of the ancestors, one of which is about art. Art as an inseparable part of universal cultural elements. Overview of culture is basically a whole system of ideas, actions and results of human work in the rare life of society which is made to belong to humans by learning (Koentjaraningrat, 1990).
The dynamic movement of a city is inseparable from the role of the younger generation as the successors who assume the task as actors of change to create a better city than before. This has become an important basis to rise the interests and artistic talents of the younger generation as art performers in order to be able to provide innovation in the midst of an increasingly modern world but cannot be separated from the essence of the noble values of Okokan.
The change in the city area based on the modern times cannot be separated from the younger generation, who bear the task of being the actor of change in order to create a better city than before. This is an important base to generate interest and artistic talents that are owned by the younger generation in order to provide innovation in the development of an increasingly modern world. Preserving and gaining interest and artistic talent can be used as a means of preserving the sublime values of Okokan art.
Based on the description above, an in-depth study will be carried out on the meaning of the Okokan tradition for artists in the frame of symbolic interactionism belonging to Hebert Mead. This study is important to know how the symbolic interactionism of art performers in interpreting the noble values of Okokan art.

RESEARCH METHODS
This research is a single case study, in which a directed research procedure is on one characteristic which means that this research is only conducted at one target / location. Case study in this research is included in the type of qualitative research in which this research is a social research that contains an understanding as a one of the main approaches which is basically a label or a general name from a cluster of research methodologies. (Sutopo, 2002) In conducting qualitative research, the researcher can be a flexible instrument, so he/she can assess the situation and can make decisions. In addition, only humans can relate to respondents or other objects and only humans are able to understand reality on the ground.
A cross sectional study technique was chosen to solve the problem on this research. Cross sectional study is a technique used in qualitative research with the aim of shortening observation time through observation in certain parts and finally getting a conclusion (Bungin, 2003). Cross sectional is a method that allows research time to be shortened to several months. The use of cross sectional technique is carried out by observing and recording the presence of symbols found in the Okokan tradition art performers in Kediri Village, Tabanan Regency. This study not only collects factual data but also examines the meaning of the noble value of the Okokan tradition by using the perspective of symbolic interactionism. Artists in the Okokan tradition were chosen as informants in this study. The selection of informants is based on the classification of age and social status in society. In addition, the informants who were considered to be able to provide information related to research problems were local religious leaders who were considered to have a role in this tradition. Art figures from government circles were also selected as informants by categorizing the two groups namely the old and young groups.
A stage of the social research process is inseparable from determining the results using data analysis. Data analysis is a process carried out to organize data (Moelong, 2007). The process of data analysis in qualitative research is basically carried out simultaneously with the implementation of data collection. There are three components that must be present in conducting data analysis including data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions.

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
In this chapter data will be presented as well as analysis of the Okokan tradition by interpreting noble values using a symbolic interactional frame that targets art practitioners. Traditional art was born as a form of condescending aesthetics and entertainment. Its existence is closely related to ideology, outlook on life, traditions that are applicable and enforced by the surrounding community. The existence of art that prioritizes local wisdom is currently alienated because it is considered to be inadequate to meet the demands of the tourism industry standards which are biological children of the global world (Maladi, 2017). The development of local or traditional art can not be separated from the meaning, function and socio-cultural conditions that surround the scope of the community. The performers of traditional arts in their era felt more comfortable in communal life than individuals. Based on the socio-cultural conditions that create togetherness, traditional performing arts are held collectively in order to prioritize peace and as an embodiment of the ancestors who created the art. Starting from the attitude of prioritizing peace and tranquility in the socio-cultural conditions of a society, a number of rules, norms and forms of traditional art expression are passed on to the next generation through traditions to sustain and maintain social collectivity. Pereira, 2017 said that along with the journey of the demands of the global world, the inheritance of traditions to sustain and maintain collectivity encountered quite serious obstacles. (Pereira, 2017). One obstacle that occurs is the fading of cultural identity that has been inherent in the community. In addition to cultural identity, symbolic meaning in traditional and cultural arts also faded. Speaking of culture, basically the relationship between humans and culture cannot be separated thus humans are referred to as cultural creatures. (Billy Tanius, Tiurma Sinaga, 2018) The culture itself consists of ideas, symbols, and values as a result of the work of human actions. Humans as creatures with symbols and they give meaning to these symbols. Humans think, feel and behave according to symbolic expressions. Culture is also a very complex problem, as is culture that is related to the way people live, customs, and manners that is held firmly by their people. Indonesian society is heterogeneous with a diversity of different customs based on customs or traditions that are still maintained today including one of traditional arts. It is important for generations, especially cultural practitioners, to know the symbolic meaning of the arts, culture and customs that are carried out so that it does not create cultural imbalances, the lack of understanding of symbolic meaning as a result of the flow of modernization in the global world.

Okokan Tradition: Reviewing the Track Records of Balinese Traditional Art
Bali is the result of the representation of the planting of cultural traditions that are currently still rooted and pervasive. Starting from religious ceremonies, traditions in each region, customs, and art that is carried out every day and at certain events. This is an attraction for domestic and foreign tourists. (I Wayan Gede Lamopia, 2018) One tradition that is still not getting enough attention for foreign and domestic tourists is the Okokan tradition. Okokan is generally made of wood which is hollowed like a block, but inside it is filled with a bat called a palit. Sound instruments are generally installed on pets such as cows or buffaloes, which function as decorations or markings of these animals. Grafting is installed on domestic animals such as cattle or buffalo as aesthetics of the mark of the animal.
A long time ago, a group of agrarian societies were always close to the tradition of farming, Okokan was also used as a means of entertainment or ritual events that is related with magical things. Okokan is a mystical activity to ward off disease outbreaks. At dusk the inhabitants would go around the village to ward off evil spirits that spread disease outbreaks. They brought a kind of bamboo sticks and pounded it which made sounds. In Kediri Tabanan, it is not the bamboo that is brought, but the Okokan that usually hangs on the neck. In ancient times, outbreaks of disease were considered by the surrounding community as a stub of spirits, and therefore must be driven out by sounding instruments that produce sounds. So the local people of Kediri village use Okokan, which is played by several people.
The Okokan tradition has now begun to be developed in various districts in Tabanan or villages in Tabanan. According to information from existing community leaders namely from the village of Kediri, that the Okokan tradition or Tektekan in the village of Kediri is a hereditary tradition which at first the community did not know when it started. This means that this tradition has existed since ancient times. Due to the fact that in writing there is no inscription or lontar which writes about the history of Okokan. The Okokan Culture Perpetrators are the entire Kediri village community consisting of children, adolescents to adults both male or female.
The process of cultural activities begins with worship activities at the respective banjar hall. Furthermore, those who are "negen" or shouldering the Okokan will choose Okokan which will be paraded later. After completing their selection, they marched out of the banjar hall and performed a mapekeling ceremony with Okokan, then after that Okokan was first played in front of each banjar hall, continued to the other banjar, meaning after the attraction was done in the banjar itself, the Okokan parade walks to the other banjar while playing Okokan.
Entering 2013, based on the results of Paruman (meeting) of the Traditional Village of Kediri, the Tektekan Art tradition began to be revived to preserve the tradition so that it would not become extinct. Tektekan held 1 (one) month before the Nyepi celebration in 6 traditional banjars in the area of the Traditional Village of Kediri. This tradition is carried out as a substitute for staging ogoh-ogoh which is usually done before the celebration of Nyepi every year. According to Bendesa Adat Kediri, Anak Agung Ngurah Panji Wisnu, the Okokan or Tektekan Tradition Art needs to be introduced to the younger generation as an effort to preserve ancestral traditions without losing the sacred values contained therein. Further development, in 2014 Okokan was reorganized by Bendesa Pekraman Kediri. Every banjar adat is obliged to do a tektekan every night for 1 month before Nyepi Day. Since then, the Tektekan Art Parade was held at the time of Pengrupukan (one day before Nyepi) by conducting a walking tour in the area of the Traditional Village of Kediri. This parade was held to preserve and reintroduce the sacred arts that had been in the village of Kediri, Tabanan. (Tenaya, 2018).
The existence of traditional arts and culture in the modern era is now threatened. The phenomenon that is currently happening, traditional art in the area is quite alarming both in terms of presentation, as well as the opportunity of time to make a presentation. Several factors affect both the influence of the art itself, especially the arts supporting community or influences from outside the art environment, both directly and indirectly. But this does not happen to the people of Kediri Village who are never bored to preserve traditional art which is an element in a culture. The Okokan tradition is one of the distinctive features of the traditional arts of the Kediri village and is a prima donna for the artists who run the art.
Tradition in a cultural setting has an important meaning if it continues to be carried on from generation to generation by each practitioners during the procession of implementing tradition. In general, the older generation mostly dominates as practitioners in cultural, artistic, and cultural activities, so that some mention of pinning them as elders. (MacKenzie, 1996) Concern is quite felt by the artists of the Okokan Tradition regarding the existence of the tradition due to seeing various other cultures that exist in Indonesia lacking inthe form of failure of regeneration for the Balinese traditional art, especially Okokan. Soekanto said that a generation is a group of people who are born and live within a certain period of time. From this understanding, regeneration can be referred to as a process of changing community groups that takes place continuously. The process of regeneration carried out by Okokan traditional art activists is natural. They joined without coercion and planning to be prepared in carrying out this Okokan tradition. The regeneration of the Okokan Tradition originates from young people who are members of the local Banjar. In fact, there is one of the affiliated banjars in the shelter of young people to be trained in the Okokan art, the Bali Brahma Diva Kencana Studio. The regeneration process starts from the Bali Brahma Diva Kencana Studio. Packing the Okokan tradition with the collaboration between the mystical rituals carried out and innovation due to the development of time can produce commodities for generations to continue to carry on this tradition for generations. The younger generation as heirs of art and culture in an area will later bear the task of advancing their area. awareness participation and support from all groups both young and old can facilitate this regeneration to run well. The young generation as cultural heirs also have a creative spirit and a high spirit so that it hopes to be a supporting inspiration for the preservation of traditional art traditions. One of the originators of the Bali Brahma Diva Kencana Studio was Mr Ngurah Adnyana.
Many have had scientific study about the Okokan Art Tradition in the Village of Kediri Tabanan, but unfortunately there are still many weaknesses and need further study. Like the research that has been done by Ni Pt Wikantariasih, etc regarding Okokan in terms of arts. This study only examines Okokan from the visual elements of the use of Okokan for religious ceremonies and home decoration. This is seen based on differences in material, color and shape and Okokan motives. Okokan used for religious ceremonies lies in the sound of Okokan, the motives used also do not prioritize aesthetic values. As for home decoration, the priority is the aesthetics of the color, and the symmetrical Okokan shape. Scientific studies of Okokan Art are unfortunately still very minimal to be found so that further research needs to be done as an exploration of knowledge about the Okokan Tradition of Art. To realize the preservation of Okokan is not only limited to providing information to the general public about this art, but also needs to be done it is necessary to instill values for the people of Kediri Tabanan Village, especially the younger generation so that the preservation of the Okokan art is not only outwardly but also mentally expressed in attitude and the ethics of these artistic virtues.

Noble Values contained in the Okokan Art Tradition a. Banten pejati
Banten (offering) is a fruit of thought that means a complete and clean mind. When deeply lived, Banten is a form of complete thought based on a sincere and pure heart. Creating Banten that will be witnessed to be beautiful, neat, lively and unique, containing symbols, begins with a clean, sincere and pure mind. The form of Banten has a high meaning and value containing deep philosophical symbols. Banten is then used to convey a sense of love, devotion and love. Pejati comes from the Balinese language, from the word "jati" gets the prefix "pa". Jati means truly, sincerely. Banten pejati is a group of banten which is used as a means to express sincerity before Hyang Widhi and his manifestations, will carry out a ceremony and ask to be witnessed, with the aim of obtaining salvation. (Wijayanandha, 2003) The use of banten pejati at the peak of the event serves as a sign or proof of sincerity before the previous announcement, that the ceremony will soon be held, His testimony is also requested. Banten pejati can also be used at the end of the ceremony with a philosophy of acknowledgment containing gratitude and apologizing for any possible shortcomings related to the activities that have been carried out.
Okokan art performances always begin with a ceremony to Hyang Widhi using Banten pejati which aims to maintain safety during the performance. Banten pejati that is used consists of Daksina, Peras, Ajuman and Tipat Kelanan. The symbolic interactionism matrix on the cultivation of the noble values contained in the banten pejati is as follows:

Elements of Banten Pejati
Description The above Matrix shows that banten pejati is the planting of sublime values of the safety and success of mankind in this case is the art of Okokan. The offerings for ancestors in the form of banten pejati are believed to affect performances at every Okokan event. It is also influenced by the belief of Bali's customary social system which believes in the presence of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi in the tradition. Here is a picture of banten pejati that used to show Okokan art. Cultural values are not easily replaced or removed because the cultural values as stated above are good and are considered valuable and serve as guidelines for behavior. In Okokan art, many values are contained in the attributes and movements of this art tradition. In the Movement for example, every movement that is displayed always tells a story about puppet life, one of which is the story of Mahabarata. This art movement must go hand in hand. Bringing Okokan which weighs approximately 4kg must be done together and in full cooperation. The symbolic interactional matrix in interpreting the noble values of Okokan traditional art can be seen in the following table: The significance of the value of the noble value of the art of the show Okokan consists of the value of the family in the representation of folklore, the value of life safety of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi from Banten prepared, the value of work ethic in doing Dance movements, and the value of life balance between humans and nature. Okokan images used during performing arts events. Equipment used like wood Okokan, Poleng pants in Okokan show can be seen on the figure 3 and 4.  The activity in the picture above is a manifestation of Okokan art performers wearing Poleng (black and white) pants attributes during the PKB Event and Pengrupukan Day before Nyepi Day. Poleng is generally interpreted with a touch of magical and mystical atmosphere. Poleng attribute is interpreted as an element of mutual duality in synergy such as rwa bhineda and the concept of sekala niskala. Poleng is often found in pelinggih buildings, sacred sculptures, and also the artistic needs of dancer clothing and decoration in the gamelan. Rupawan said that poleng cloth in Bali is often used as a traditional Balinese outfit called saput. In the Okokan performance art in Kediri Tabanan Village, they combine the elements of Tri Datu Fabric or Saput Poleng, which are white and black and red. This fabric is generally understood by the Balinese people as a symbol of human nature where red means hard, black means lazy, and white means wise. In addition to using Tri Datu Poleng types, in certain events such as Pengrupukan Ceremony before Nyepi Holiday, they use the Rwa Bhineda Poleng cloth attribute, which is black and white which means to teach a balanced life between humans and nature.

Analysis Of The Symbolic Interactionalism Traditional Art Of Okokan
The art portrait of Okokan tradition in the village of Kediri Tabanan is a manifestation of the symbol created from the interaction of the art actors. The symbol contains a meaning of sublime values that can be used as a means of communication to influence one another so that when displaying the art of performing the tradition Okokan will be more meaningful and interesting. The traditional art of Okokan is a cultural product that must be kept in existence and existence. This art is not only a performance but also teaches moral guidance for the people of Kediri Tabanan and surrounding communities. The sublime value contained in the interaction symbol of the Okokan art forms the same value classification pattern of the universal value developed by Kluckhohn. According to Kluckhohn, the value of the Kluckhon value includes a universal problem concerning the nature of life, works and work ethic, human and natural relationships, and human relationships with a contraman. (Kluckhohn, 1951) Thus, the symbol that creates interactions in the art of Okokan contains a lot of live learning to be defended by the younger generation. These noble values are important to be applied to social life, especially for young people as artists. The meanings and symbols contained in the Okokan Tradition Art are derived from banten pejati, Okokan art attributes, movement manifestations, folklore plot is a representation of the cultivation of noble values in daily life such as the Mahabarata story, Giri Toh Langkir story, and Nangluk Merana story. Representation of these noble values is also a form of preservation of the Okokan tradition as an identity or tourism icon in the Kediri Village of Tabanan in the aspect of art and culture so that it is expected that young artists who can follow the development of the era by innovating but not separated from the essence of the meaning of noble values contained in the Okokan Tradition of Art.